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Java Programming

Chapter I

Java Features

1.1

Introduction

1.2

Java Features

1.2.1	Simple
1.2.2	Object-Oriented
1.2.3	Distributed
1.2.4	Interpreted
1.2.5	Robust
1.2.6	Secure
1.2.7	Architecture Neutral
1.2.8	Portable
1.2.9	High Performance
1.2.10	Dynamic

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter II

An Overview of Java

2.1

Introduction

2.1.1	Abstraction
2.1.2	Encapsulation
2.1.3	Inheritance
2.1.4	Polymorphism

2.2

First Simple Java Program

2.2.1	Entering the Java Program
2.2.2	Compiling the Java Program
2.2.3	A closer look at the First Sample Program

2.3

Java’s Magic: The Bytecode

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter III

Data Types and Variables

3.1

Introduction

3.2

Data Types

3.2.1	Integers
3.2.2	Floating Point Numbers
3.2.3	Characters
3.2.4	Boolean

3.3

Literals

3.3.1	Integer Literals
3.3.2	Floating Point Literals
3.3.3	Boolean Literals
3.3.4	Character Literals
3.3.5	String Literals

3.4

Variables

3.4.1	Variable Declaration
3.4.2	Dynamic Initialization
3.4.3	The Scope and Lifetime of variables

3.5

Type Conversion and Casting

3.5.1	Java’s Automatic Conversion
3.5.2	Casting Incompatible Types
3.5.3	Automatic Type Promotion in Expressions
3.5.4	The Type Promotion Rules

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter IV

Operators

4.1

Introduction

4.2

Arithmetic Operators

4.2.1	The Modulus Operator
4.2.2	Arithmetic Assignment Operators
4.2.3	Increment and Decrement Operators

4.3

Bitwise Operators

4.3.1	The Bitwise Logical Operators
4.3.2	The Bitwise NOT
4.3.3	The Bitwise AND
4.3.4	The Bitwise OR
4.3.5	The Bitwise XOR
4.3.6	The Left Shift
4.3.7	The Right Shift
4.3.8	Bitwise Operator Assignment

4.4

Relational Operators

4.5

Logical Operators

4.6

Assignment Operator

4.7

The ? Operator

4.8

Operator Precedence

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter V

Control Statements and Loops

5.1

Introduction

5.2

If Statement

5.2.1	Nested Ifs
5.2.1	The If-else-if Ladder

5.3

Switch Statement

5.4

Iteration Statements

5.4.1	While Loop
5.4.2	Do-while Loop
5.4.3	For Loop

5.5

Jump Statements

5.5.1	Break Statement
5.5.2	Continue Statement
5.5.3	Return Statement

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VI

Classes and Objects

6.1

Introduction

6.2

The General Form of a Class

6.2.1

A Simple Class

6.3

Declaring Objects

6.3.1	A New Operator
6.3.2	Assigning Object Reference Variables

6.4

Introducing Methods

6.4.1

Methods with Parameters

6.5

Constructors

6.5.1

Parameterized Constructors

6.6

The this Keyword

6.7

Garbage Collection

6.8

The finalize() Method

6.9

Method Overloading

6.9.1	Overloading Constructors
6.9.2	Passing Objects as Parameters

6.10

Argument Passing

6.11

Returning Objects

6.12

Recursion

6.13

Access Control

6.14

Understanding Static

6.15

Final Variables, Methods and Classes

6.16

Abstract Methods and Classes

6.17

Nested and Inner Classes

6.18

Command Line Arguments

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VII

Inheritance

7.1

Introduction

7.2

Defining a Subclass

7.3

Member Access and Inheritance

7.4

A Super class Variable can Reference a Subclass Object

7.5

Using Super Keyword

7.5.1	Using Super to Call Super class Constructor
7.5.2	A Second Use for Super

7.6

Multilevel Inheritance

7.7

When Constructors are Called

7.8

Method Overriding

7.9

Abstract Methods and Classes

7.10

Using Final with Inheritance

7.10.1	Using Final to Prevent Overriding
7.10.2	Using Final to Prevent Inheritance

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VIII

Arrays, Strings and Vectors

8.1

Introduction

8.2

Arrays

8.2.1	One-dimensional Array
8.2.2	Multidimensional Arrays

8.3

Strings

8.3.1	The String Constructors
8.3.2	String Length
8.3.3	Special String Operations
8.3.4	Character Extraction
8.3.5	String Comparison
8.3.6	Searching Strings
8.3.7	Modifying a String
8.3.8	Data Conversion Using Value Of ()
8.3.9	Changing the Case of Characters within a String

8.4

String Buffer

8.4.1	length() and capacity()
8.4.2	ensureCapacity()
8.4.3	setLength()
8.4.4	charAt() and setCharAt()
8.4.5	getChars()
8.4.6	append()
8.4.7	insert()
8.4.8	reverse()
8.4.9	delete and delete Char At
8.4.10	replace()
8.4.11	substring()

8.5

Vector

8.6

Wrapper Classes

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter IX

Interfaces

9.1

Introduction

9.2

Defining an Interface

9.3

Implementing Interfaces

9.3.1

Accessing Implementations through Interface References

9.4

Extending Interfaces

9.5

Accessing Interface Variable

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter X

Packages

10.1

Introduction

10.2

Java API Packages

10.3

Using System Packages

10.4

Defining a Package

10.4.1

A Short Package Example

10.5

Managing Source and Class Files

10.6

Access Protection

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter XI

Exception Handling

11.1

Introduction

11.2

Exception Types

11.3

Using Try and Catch

11.3.1

Displaying a Description of an Exception

11.4

Multiple Catch Clauses

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter XII

Multithreaded Programming

12.1

Introduction

12.2

Java’s Model of Thread

12.3

The Main Thread

12.4

Creating a Thread

12.4.1

Extending the Thread Class

12.5

Stopping and Blocking Thread

12.6

Life Cycle of a Thread

12.7

Thread Priority

12.8

Thread Synchronization

12.8.1	Using Synchronized Methods
12.8.2	Using the Synchronized Statement

12.9

Implementing Thread using Runnable Interface

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter XIII

I/O Streams

13.1

Introduction

12.8.1

Stream Classes

13.2

Reading Characters

13.3

Reading String

Summing Up

Self-assessment

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