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Database Management

Chapter I

Database Management System
1.1	Database : An Introduction
1.2	Database System Applications
1.3	Some Basic Terms and Definitions
1.4	Disadvantages of Conventional File Oriented System
1.5	Database Management System
1.6	Database Organisation
1.7	Basic Components of DBMS
1.8	Advantages of DBMS
1.9	Database Design
	Summing Up
	Self-assessment

Chapter II

Data Modeling

2.1

Introduction to Database Modeling

2.2

Types of Data Models

2.2.1	Hierarchical Data Model
2.2.2	Network Data Model
2.2.3	Relational Database Model

2.3

Object Based Data Models

2.3.1	Introduction
2.3.2	Advantages of Object-Oriented Data Model
2.3.3	Disadvantages of Object-Oriented Data Model

2.4

Other Data Models

2.4.1

Object Oriented Data Model

2.5

Comparison Between Different Models

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter III

Database Design and Entity –Relationship Modeling

3.1

Overview of Design Process

3.1.1	Design Process
3.1.2	Design Alternatives

3.2

The Entity-Relationship Model

3.3

Components of an E-R Model

3.3.1	Entities and Entity Sets
3.3.2	Attributes

3.4

Enity-Relationship Diagram

3.4.1	Definition
3.4.2	Relationships and Relationship Sets

3.5

Other Styles of E-R Diagram

3.6

Roles in E-R Diagrams

3.7

Generalization

3.8

Aggregation

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter IV

Introduction to Relational Database Management Systems

4.1

An Introduction to RDBMS

4.2

The Relational Data Structure

4.3

Keys

4.4

Constraints

4.4.1	Domain Constraints
4.4.2	Entity Integrity Constraints
4.4.3	Referential Integrity Constraints
4.4.4	Operational Constraints

4.5

Codd’s 12 Rules

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter V

Relational Algebra and Relational Calculus

5.1

The Relational Model and Relational Algebra

5.2

Relational Algebraic Operations

4.4.1	The Set Operations
4.4.2	Fundamental Operations

5.3

Relational Language

5.4

Relational Calculus

5.4.1

The Tuple Relational Calculus

5.5

Formal Definitions

5.6

Safety of Expressions

5.7

The Domain Relational Calculus

5.8

Example Queries

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VI

Relational Database Management Systems and Normalization

6.1

Relational Database Design

6.2

Key Constraints

6.3

Functional Dependency

6.3.1	Closure
6.3.2	Equivalent Functional Dependencies
6.3.3	Minimal Functional Dependencies

6.4

Introduction to Normalization

6.4.1	Problems Addressed by Normalization
6.4.2	Background to Normalization: Definitions

6.5

Normal Forms

6.5.1	First Normal Form (1NF)
6.5.2	Second Normal Form
6.5.3	Third Normal Form
6.5.4	Boyce-Codd Normal Form
6.5.5	Multi-valued Dependencies
6.5.6	Theory of Multi-valued Dependencies
6.5.7	Theory of Multi-valued Dependencies

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VII

SQL: Queries and Sub queries

7.1

Introduction to SQL

7.2

Brief History and Purpose Of SQL

7.2.1

Background

7.3

SQL Data Types

7.4

SQL – Operators

7.4.1	SQL Arithmetic Operators
7.4.2	Comparison Operators
7.4.3	SQL special Operators (Predicate)
7.4.4	SQL Logical Operators
7.4.5	Set Operators

7.5

Operator Precedence

7.6

Clauses in SQL

7.7

Types of Functions

7.8

System Values

7.9

SQL Special Constructs

7.10

Joining Tables

7.10.1	Outer Joins
7.10.2	Self Joins

7.11

Sub queries

7.11.1	Predicate Sub queries
7.11.2	Quantified Sub queries
7.11.3	Scalar Sub queries
7.11.4	Correlated Sub queries
7.11.5	Table Sub queries

7.12

Grouping Queries

7.13

Union Queries

7.14

SQL Data Manipulation Language(DML)

7.15

Data Definition Language(DDL)

7.16

Views

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter VIII

Database Security

8.1

Introduction to Database Security

8.2

Database Security Threats

8.2.1	Hardware Threats
8.2.2	Data Tampering
8.2.3	Identity Threats
8.2.4	Data Theft and Eavesdropping
8.2.5	Password-Related Threats
8.2.6	Unauthorised Access to Tables and Columns
8.2.7	Unauthorised Access to Data Rows
8.2.8	Lack of Accountability
8.2.9	Complex User Management Requirements

8.3

Data Security Requirements

8.3.1	Vulnerability Assessments
8.3.2	Monitoring of Database Protocol Traffic (SQL)
8.3.3	Access Control
8.3.4	Authentication
8.3.5	Integrity
8.3.6	Availability
8.3.7	Resistance
8.3.8	Scalability
8.3.9	Flexibility
8.3.10	Ease-of-use

8.4

Protecting Data within the Database

8.4.1	Table Level Privileges
8.4.2	Column Level Privilege
8.4.3	Database Level Privileges
8.4.4	Connect Privilege
8.4.5	Resource Privilege
8.4.6	Database Administrator Privilege

8.5

Roles

8.5.1	Common Uses for Roles
8.5.2	The Mechanisms of Roles

8.6

Granting and Revoking Privileges and Roles

8.6.1	Grant
8.6.2	Revoke

8.7

Digital Signatures as Passwords for Data Security

8.8

Kerberos

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter IX

Data Integrity

9.1

Introduction to Data Integrity

9.2

Integrity Constraints

9.2.1	Entity Integrity Constraints
9.2.2	Referential Integrity
9.2.3	Domain Level Integrity
9.2.4	Column Integrity

9.3

Oracle Supported Integrity Constraints Description

Summing Up

Self-assessment

Chapter X

Structure, Components, Functions and Implementation of Database Management System

10.1

Structure of a DBMS

10.2

Execution Steps of a DBMS

10.3

Components of a DBMS

10.4

Functions and Services of a DBMS

10.5

Types of Database Systems

10.5.1	Centralized Database System
10.5.2	Parallel Database System
10.5.3	Client/Server Database System
10.5.4	Distributed Database Systems

10.6

Database Administrator

10.7

Transaction Processing

10.7.1	Description
10.7.2	ACID Criteria (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability)
10.7.3	Benefits of Transaction Processing
10.7.4	Implementation

Summing Up

Self-assessment

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